Which process involves verifying that a solution meets the requirements in mathematical modeling?

In the context of mathematical modeling, the process of ensuring that a solution satisfies the necessary requirements and accurately reflects the real-world scenario it is intended to model is referred to as validation. Validation involves comparing the outcomes of the model against known data or criteria to confirm that it is achieving the intended purpose and is dependable for making predictions or decisions in the specific context.

This is crucial because a model may be internally consistent and mathematically correct (which relates to verification), but it still needs to align with empirical data or expected outcomes in its application. Validation helps to establish the credibility and applicability of the model in a real-world setting, ensuring that stakeholders can rely on the results.